L’intégration européenne dans le projet politique de Simone Weil. Parmi De Gaulle et France Combattante

The European integration in the political project of Simone Weil. Among De Gaulle and France Combattante

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper, which used archival sources, is to focus the attention on the political and diplomatic activities of Simone Weil during the first years of the Second world war. Towards the end of her life, she became a pioneer of the process of European integration, and even became interested in the French colonial question. In London, where she had come at the end of 1942, she was at the service of the French Resistance, commissioned by Maurice Schumann and André Philip. In this context, she wrote a draft European Constitution in which an important role she attributed to the judiciary, meant to control the legislature and therefore ensure that the laws passed by the House. European integration thus became the only way for the realization of its institutional project. This project differed greatly from that of general De Gaulle, widely criticized by the same Weil. The Weillienne Constitution on Europe, based on democracy and popular sovereignty, had to respect all people and guide the reconstruction of Europe at the end of the conflict.