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Dal Golfo all’Iraq: criticità e limiti della politica estera UE in Medio Oriente (1990-2003)
From the Gulf to Iraq: Criticalities and Limits of EU Foreign Policy in the Middle East (1990-2003)
Parole chiave:
European Political Cooperation, Common Foreign and Security Policy, Middle East Peace Process, EU International Actorness, Persian Gulf crisisAbstract
This article aims to analyse the role of the EEC/EU within the Middle East crises in the period between the first Gulf War and the invasion of Iraq (1990-2003). It was, in fact, an overall marginal role, in contrast with the EU’s ambition to become a global player after the institutionalization of the Common Foreign and Security Policy in the Treaty of Maastricht (1992) and its reforms in the Treaty of Amsterdam (1997) and Nice (2001). The intergovernmental and the declaratory nature of the European “foreign policy”, the constraints of the transatlantic relationship and the pro-Arab policy adopted by the EEC during the crisis of the 1970s determined the peripheral position of the EU in the Middle East scenario during the examined period.
